CGAL 5.5.2 - dD Geometry Kernel
CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel > Class Template Reference

#include <CGAL/Kernel_d/Aff_transformation_d.h>

## Definition

An instance of the data type Aff_transformation_d<Kernel> is an affine transformation of $$d$$-dimensional space.

It is specified by a square matrix $$M$$ of dimension $$d + 1$$. All entries in the last row of M except the diagonal entry must be zero; the diagonal entry must be non-zero. A point $$p$$ with homogeneous coordinates $$(p[0], \ldots, p[d])$$ can be transformed into the point p.transform(A) = $$Mp$$, where A is an affine transformation created from M by the constructors below.

Implementation

Affine Transformations are implemented by matrices of number type RT as a handle type. All operations like creation, initialization, input and output on a transformation $$t$$ take time $$O(t.dimension()^2)$$. dimension() takes constant time. The operations for inversion and composition have the cubic costs of the used matrix operations. The space requirement is $$O(t.dimension()^2)$$.

## Types

typedef unspecified_type LA
the linear algebra layer.

typedef unspecified_type Matrix
the matrix type.

## Creation

Aff_transformation_d ()
introduces some transformation.

Aff_transformation_d (int d, Identity_transformation)
introduces the identity transformation in $$d$$-dimensional space.

Aff_transformation_d (Matrix M)
introduces the transformation of $$d$$-space specified by matrix $$M$$. More...

template<typename Forward_iterator >
Aff_transformation_d (Scaling, Forward_iterator start, Forward_iterator end)
introduces the transformation of $$d$$-space specified by a diagonal matrix with entries set [start,end) on the diagonal (a scaling of the space). More...

Aff_transformation_d (Translation, Vector_d< Kernel > v)
introduces the translation by vector $$v$$.

Aff_transformation_d (int d, Scaling, RT num, RT den)
returns a scaling by a scale factor num/den. More...

Aff_transformation_d (int d, Rotation, RT sin_num, RT cos_num, RT den, int e1=0, int e2=1)
returns a planar rotation with sine and cosine values sin_num/den and cos_num/den in the plane spanned by the base vectors $$b_{e1}$$ and $$b_{e2}$$ in $$d$$-space. More...

Aff_transformation_d (int d, Rotation, Direction_d< Kernel > dir, RT num, RT den, int e1=0, int e2=1)
returns a planar rotation within a two-dimensional linear subspace. More...

## Operations

int dimension ()
the dimension of the underlying space

const Matrixmatrix ()
returns the transformation matrix More...

Aff_transformation_d< Kernelinverse ()
returns the inverse transformation. More...

Aff_transformation_d< Kerneloperator* (const Aff_transformation_d< Kernel > &s)
composition of transformations. More...

## ◆ Aff_transformation_d() [1/5]

template<typename Kernel >
 CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::Aff_transformation_d ( Matrix M )

introduces the transformation of $$d$$-space specified by matrix $$M$$.

Precondition
M is a square matrix of dimension $$d + 1$$ where entries in the last row of M except the diagonal entry must be zero; the diagonal entry must be non-zero.

## ◆ Aff_transformation_d() [2/5]

template<typename Kernel >
template<typename Forward_iterator >
 CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::Aff_transformation_d ( Scaling , Forward_iterator start, Forward_iterator end )

introduces the transformation of $$d$$-space specified by a diagonal matrix with entries set [start,end) on the diagonal (a scaling of the space).

Precondition
set [start,end) is a vector of dimension $$d+1$$.

## ◆ Aff_transformation_d() [3/5]

template<typename Kernel >
 CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::Aff_transformation_d ( int d, Scaling , RT num, RT den )

returns a scaling by a scale factor num/den.

Precondition
den != 0.

## ◆ Aff_transformation_d() [4/5]

template<typename Kernel >
 CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::Aff_transformation_d ( int d, Rotation , RT sin_num, RT cos_num, RT den, int e1 = 0, int e2 = 1 )

returns a planar rotation with sine and cosine values sin_num/den and cos_num/den in the plane spanned by the base vectors $$b_{e1}$$ and $$b_{e2}$$ in $$d$$-space.

Thus the default use delivers a planar rotation in the $$x$$- $$y$$ plane.

Precondition
$$sin_num^2 + cos_num^2 = den^2$$ and $$0 \leq e_1 < e_2 < d$$.
den != 0.

## ◆ Aff_transformation_d() [5/5]

template<typename Kernel >
 CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::Aff_transformation_d ( int d, Rotation , Direction_d< Kernel > dir, RT num, RT den, int e1 = 0, int e2 = 1 )

returns a planar rotation within a two-dimensional linear subspace.

The subspace is spanned by the base vectors $$b_{e1}$$ and $$b_{e2}$$ in $$d$$-space. The rotation parameters are given by the $$2$$-dimensional direction dir, such that the difference between the sines and cosines of the rotation given by dir and the approximated rotation are at most num/den each.

Precondition
dir.dimension() == 2, !dir.is_degenerate() and num < den is positive, den != 0, $$0 \leq e_1 < e_2 < d$$.

## ◆ inverse()

template<typename Kernel >
 Aff_transformation_d CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::inverse ( )

returns the inverse transformation.

Precondition
t.matrix() is invertible.

## ◆ matrix()

template<typename Kernel >
 const Matrix& CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::matrix ( )

returns the transformation matrix

## ◆ operator*()

template<typename Kernel >
 Aff_transformation_d CGAL::Aff_transformation_d< Kernel >::operator* ( const Aff_transformation_d< Kernel > & s )

composition of transformations.

Note that transformations are not necessarily commutative. t*s is the transformation which transforms first by t and then by s.